Exploring Existential Dilemmas

"To Be or Not to Be" vs "Not My Will but Thine Be Done"

An existential dilemma refers to a profound questioning or uncertainty about one's existence, purpose, or the meaning of life. It often involves grappling with fundamental issues such as freedom, choice, responsibility, and the inevitability of death. Existential dilemmas can arise when individuals confront the existential givens of human existence, such as isolation, meaninglessness, and the absurdity of life. These dilemmas can lead to feelings of anxiety, despair, or a search for deeper meaning and understanding. 

In the realm of literature and philosophy, two iconic passages stand out for their profound exploration of existential dilemmas: "To Be or Not to Be" from Shakespeare's "Hamlet" and "Not My Will but Thine Be Done" from the Bible. While originating from vastly different contexts, these passages share a common theme of grappling with the fundamental questions of existence and human agency. In this blog post, we'll compare and contrast these two renowned expressions of existential angst and surrender.

"To Be or Not to Be":

Shakespeare's soliloquy in "Hamlet" encapsulates the internal struggle of the protagonist as he contemplates the merits of life versus death. The opening lines “To be, or not to be, that is the question" set the stage for a meditation on the nature of existence and the fear of the unknown. Hamlet wrestles with the idea of enduring the hardships of life or ending his suffering through death, pondering the consequences of each choice.

"Not My Will but Thine Be Done":

In the Bible, specifically in the Gospel of Luke, Jesus utters the words "Not my will, but thine, be done" during his agonizing prayer in the Garden of Gethsemane before his crucifixion. Here, Jesus submits himself to the will of God, acknowledging a higher purpose beyond his own desires. This act of surrender embodies the concept of divine providence and acceptance of one's fate, even in the face of suffering and uncertainty.

Comparison:

Both passages delve into the profound existential questions of life, purpose, and agency. "To Be or Not to Be" reflects the inner turmoil of an individual struggling to find meaning and purpose amidst the challenges of existence. On the other hand, "Not My Will but Thine Be Done" portrays an ultimate surrender to a higher power, acknowledging the limitations of human understanding and the sovereignty of divine will.

Contrast:

While both passages grapple with existential dilemmas, they diverge in their approaches to resolution. In "To Be or Not to Be," the protagonist's contemplation ultimately leads to indecision and existential paralysis, highlighting the human struggle with uncertainty and fear of the unknown. Conversely, "Not My Will but Thine Be Done" embodies a sense of acceptance and surrender, trusting in a higher purpose beyond human comprehension.

"To Be or Not to Be" and "Not My Will but Thine Be Done" represent two distinct yet interconnected expressions of existential angst and surrender. Through these passages, we are invited to reflect on the complexities of human existence, the limits of human agency, and the enduring search for meaning and purpose in the face of life's uncertainties. Whether contemplating our own mortality or submitting to a higher power, these timeless expressions resonate across cultures and generations, offering insights into the human condition and the quest for transcendence.

From Doubt to Faith 

In shadows deep, where questions dwell,

Two passages, in verse they tell.

"To be, or not to be," in strife,

While "Not my will but thine be done," in life.

In Shakespeare's words, the angst is clear,

To live, to die, in doubt and fear.

The soul's turmoil, a ceaseless fight,

Amidst the darkness, seeking light.

But in the garden, 'neath olive's shade,

A different plea, by faith, was made.

"Not my will but thine," the Savior prayed,

In submission, His path He laid.

Comparing, contrasting, these paths we trace,

One wrought with doubt, the other with grace.

Yet both, in essence, speak to the soul,

Of surrender, and the search for a goal.

In "To Be or Not to Be," the human plight,

In "Not My Will," surrender's might.

Through doubt and faith, we journey on,

In search of meaning, till life is gone.

So let us ponder, let us reflect,

On life's mysteries, our souls connect.

For in the struggle, in the surrender,

We find the truth, in depths so tender.

Lessons in Love and Gentleness

Marcus Aurelius' Tribute to His Grandfather

Painting by Joseph-Marie Vien (1765).

Journey of Gentle Strength

In the annals of history, there are stories that transcend time, leaving an indelible mark on the hearts of generations to come. One such tale is that of Marcus Aurelius, the revered Roman Emperor known for his wisdom and stoic philosophy. Yet, behind the illustrious emperor lies a poignant narrative of familial love and profound influence, particularly from his grandfather, the consular Annius Verus.

Marcus Aurelius' journey into greatness was shaped by the guiding hand of his grandfather, who stepped in to raise him upon the death of his father. This act of paternal devotion laid the foundation for a bond steeped in love, respect, and profound wisdom.

On the very first page of his renowned work "Meditations," Marcus Aurelius pays homage to his grandfather, expressing deep gratitude for the invaluable lessons imparted to him. He acknowledges how his grandfather taught him the virtues of gentleness and meekness, steering him away from anger and passion.

“Of my grandfather Verus I have learned to be gentle and meek, 

and to refrain from all anger and passion.”

The significance of this tribute extends far beyond mere familial sentimentality. It serves as a testament to the transformative power of love and mentorship, highlighting the profound impact a guiding figure can have on one's character and outlook on life.

In a world often characterized by strife and discord, the example set forth by Marcus Aurelius and his grandfather serves as a beacon of hope and inspiration. It reminds us of the enduring value of compassion, understanding, and emotional resilience in navigating life's challenges.

Moreover, Marcus Aurelius' reverence for his grandfather underscores the timeless relevance of intergenerational wisdom. In an era obsessed with progress and innovation, there is immense value in honoring the teachings of those who came before us, drawing upon their experiences to inform our own paths forward.

As we reflect on the legacy of Marcus Aurelius and his grandfather, let us heed the call to embrace love, gentleness, and humility in our interactions with others. May we strive to cultivate relationships built on mutual respect and admiration, recognizing the profound impact we have on one another's lives.

In the words of Marcus Aurelius himself, "Waste no more time arguing about what a good man should be. Be one." Let us honor his legacy by embodying the virtues of love and gentleness in our own lives, thereby perpetuating a legacy of compassion and wisdom for generations to come.

To Be or Not to Be

Exploring the Depths of Shakespeare's Soliloquy

Shakespeare's works are renowned for their timeless insights into the human condition, and perhaps none more so than the soliloquy from "Hamlet," often referred to simply as "To be, or not to be." In this blog post, we'll delve into the profound themes and existential questions raised by this iconic passage.

Exploring the Dilemma:

At its core, the soliloquy grapples with the fundamental question of existence. Hamlet ponders the merits of life versus death, weighing the pain and suffering of earthly existence against the uncertainty of what lies beyond. The opening lines—"To be, or not to be, that is the question"—set the stage for a contemplation of life's ultimate purpose and meaning.

The "slings and arrows of outrageous fortune" represent the trials and tribulations that we endure in life, from personal struggles to external injustices. Hamlet considers whether it is nobler to endure these hardships or to take action against them, even if it means facing the unknown consequences of death.

The Fear of the Unknown:

Central to Hamlet's dilemma is the fear of the unknown—the uncertainty of what awaits us after death. He muses on the possibility of an afterlife, wondering whether it offers relief from the suffering of mortal existence or presents new challenges in the form of haunting dreams or eternal damnation.

This fear of the unknown, represented by "the undiscover'd country from whose bourn no traveller returns," holds sway over Hamlet's decision-making process. It is this uncertainty that paralyzes him, preventing decisive action and leading to a state of existential paralysis.

The Human Condition:

Through Hamlet's soliloquy, Shakespeare captures the universal struggle of the human condition. We all grapple with questions of mortality, purpose, and the nature of existence. Hamlet's introspection serves as a mirror to our own inner conflicts and uncertainties, inviting us to reflect on our own lives and choices.

"To be, or not to be" remains one of the most iconic soliloquies in literary history, a timeless meditation on life, death, and the human condition. Through Hamlet's introspection, Shakespeare invites us to confront our own existential dilemmas and contemplate the mysteries of existence. As we ponder the profound questions raised by this passage, we gain insight into ourselves and the world around us, finding meaning in the very act of questioning.

Whispers of the mind

 In the realm of thought, a question lies,

To be, or not to be, where wisdom flies.

Is it nobler, with mind, to bear the strain,

Of life's harsh blows, or to oppose, to gain?

To end the heartache, in eternal sleep,

And bid farewell to sorrows, buried deep.

For in that sleep, what dreams may come to pass,

Once we've shed this earthly coil, alas.

The fear of the unknown, it holds its sway,

Making cowards of us, day by day.

The prospect of a life beyond our sight,

Puzzles the mind, dims resolve's bright light.

But soft, dear friends, in prayers, we find,

Remembrance of sins, in humble kind.

In pondering life's mysteries, we see,

Reflections of our own  

Reconciling Aspiration with Reality

The Pursuit of Virtue

Bridging the Gap Between How We Live and How We Ought to Live

In the words of renowned philosopher Niccollo Machiavelli, "because how one lives is so far distant from how one ought to live, that he who neglects what is done for what ought to be done, sooner effects his ruin than his preservation; for a man who wishes to act entirely up to his professions of virtue soon meets with what destroys him among so much that is evil." This sentiment, expressed over five centuries ago, resonates profoundly in our modern world.

We often find ourselves caught between the reality of our actions and the ideals we aspire to uphold. In a society driven by instant gratification, materialism, and self-interest, the path to virtuous living can seem elusive. Yet, the pursuit of virtue remains an essential aspect of human existence, guiding us toward a more fulfilling and meaningful life.

At the heart of this dichotomy lies the question: how do we bridge the gap between how we live and how we ought to live? The answer lies in a conscious and deliberate effort to align our actions with our values, to cultivate a life characterized by integrity, compassion, and purpose.

Firstly, we must engage in self-reflection and introspection, examining our beliefs, motivations, and behaviors. By gaining insight into our inner workings, we can identify areas where our actions may deviate from our ideals and begin the process of realignment.

Secondly, we must prioritize ethical decision-making in all aspects of our lives. Whether in our personal relationships, professional endeavors, or civic engagements, we must uphold principles of honesty, fairness, and empathy. By holding ourselves to high moral standards, we contribute to the creation of a more just and compassionate society.

Moreover, we must recognize the interconnectedness of our actions and their impact on others and the world around us. Every choice we make, however small, has the potential to shape the course of our lives and the lives of others. By cultivating mindfulness and awareness, we can make choices that promote harmony and well-being for ourselves and our communities.

Additionally, we must actively seek out opportunities for growth and self-improvement. Whether through education, mentorship, or spiritual practice, we can continuously strive to become better versions of ourselves, embodying the virtues we hold dear.

In conclusion, the journey toward virtuous living is not easy, nor is it without its challenges. However, by acknowledging the disparity between how we live and how we ought to live and taking intentional steps to bridge that gap, we can move closer to realizing our highest aspirations. As we navigate the complexities of modern existence, let us heed the wisdom of the ages and strive to live with integrity, compassion, and purpose.

Either/Or

 

Soren Kierkegaard's "Either/Or"

Soren Kierkegaard's "Either/Or" is a philosophical work that explores the nature of human existence, freedom, and choice. It is structured as a series of essays and reflections presented from two distinct perspectives: the aesthetic and the ethical.

In the aesthetic section, Kierkegaard delves into the pursuit of pleasure, aesthetic enjoyment, and the quest for personal fulfillment. He examines the life of hedonism, where individuals seek happiness through sensory experiences, romantic love, and the pursuit of immediate gratification. However, he also critiques this lifestyle, highlighting its inherent emptiness and lack of deeper meaning.

In contrast, the ethical section presents a more moralistic viewpoint, emphasizing duty, responsibility, and the importance of making ethical choices. Kierkegaard argues for the necessity of commitment, self-discipline, and moral integrity in living a meaningful life. He contrasts the ethical with the aesthetic life, advocating for a higher form of existence grounded in ethical principles and personal responsibility.

Overall, "Either/Or" serves as a philosophical exploration of the complexities of human existence and the existential choices individuals face in navigating life's challenges. It invites readers to reflect on the nature of freedom, morality, and the pursuit of authentic selfhood.

The Legendary Journey of "My Way"

A Tribute to Paul Anka and Frank Sinatra

In the vast landscape of music history, there are few tales as captivating as that of Paul Anka and Frank Sinatra's collaboration on the timeless classic, "My Way." This iconic song, which has left an indelible mark on the hearts of listeners for generations, holds within its notes a story of friendship, inspiration, and artistic brilliance.

Paul Anka, the celebrated songwriter with a trail of hits spanning six decades, recalls with humility and reverence the daunting task he faced when Sinatra, the legendary crooner himself, requested a song from him. Anka, known for his youthful anthems and romantic ballads, initially hesitated, feeling unworthy of composing for the incomparable Sinatra.

However, fate had other plans. In a serendipitous turn of events, Sinatra invited Anka to dinner, revealing his intention to retire from showbiz after one final album. It was during this pivotal conversation that Sinatra reminded Anka of his unfulfilled request for a song. The pressure was on, but Anka rose to the challenge.

In a moment of inspiration, Anka crafted the poignant lyrics of "My Way," drawing from a melody he had encountered in France and imagining how Sinatra himself would interpret the song. Fuelled by determination and creativity, Anka worked through the night, pouring his soul into each word until the song was complete.

With a demo in hand, Anka presented "My Way" to Sinatra, who, upon hearing it, recognized its profound significance. The song resonated deeply with Sinatra, encapsulating the essence of his illustrious career and impending retirement. Thus, "My Way" was born a testament to friendship, trust, and artistic synergy.

Little did Anka know that his composition would become a cultural phenomenon, transcending generations and leaving an enduring legacy in its wake. Sinatra's rendition of "My Way" soared to unparalleled heights, captivating audiences worldwide and cementing its status as an anthem of self-reflection and resilience.

As the years passed, "My Way" continued to resonate with artists and audiences alike, with countless covers and interpretations paying homage to its timeless appeal. Today, the song remains a symbol of artistic excellence and the enduring power of music to touch the soul.

In a world where music serves as a universal language, "My Way" stands as a beacon of hope and inspiration a testament to the transformative power of collaboration, creativity, and unwavering belief in one's vision. As we listen to its stirring melodies and contemplate its profound lyrics, we are reminded of the extraordinary journey that brought this masterpiece into existence a journey fueled by passion, perseverance, and the unbreakable bond between two musical legends.

On the Genealogy of Morals

 

Nietzsche's "On the Genealogy of Morals" is a seminal work of philosophical inquiry that delves into the origins and evolution of morality. Here's a synopsis of the key themes and arguments presented in the text:

1. Critique of Traditional Morality: Nietzsche begins by critiquing traditional Judeo-Christian morality, which he sees as repressive and life-denying. He argues that concepts like "good" and "evil" have their origins in the resentment of the weak and oppressed, who seek to undermine the values of strength and vitality embodied by the "noble" or aristocratic class.

2. Master-Slave Morality: Nietzsche introduces the concept of "master-slave morality," contrasting it with the morality of the ruling class. According to Nietzsche, the master morality values strength, power, and excellence, while the slave morality values humility, meekness, and compassion. He argues that slave morality arose as a response to the oppression of the weak by the strong, leading to a revaluation of values that glorifies qualities like pity and forgiveness.

3. The Will to Power: Central to Nietzsche's analysis is the concept of the "will to power," which he sees as the driving force behind all human behavior. He argues that morality is ultimately a tool used by individuals and groups to assert their power and dominance over others. The noble morality, rooted in the affirmation of life and the pursuit of power, stands in opposition to the slave morality, which seeks to weaken the values of the ruling class.

4. The Birth of Guilt and Conscience: Nietzsche traces the origins of guilt and conscience to the rise of slave morality. He argues that feelings of guilt and indebtedness arise from the resentment of the weak towards the strong, leading to the internalization of values that inhibit the expression of one's natural instincts and desires. Guilt, according to Nietzsche, serves as a mechanism of control, enforcing conformity to social norms and inhibiting the expression of individuality.

5. The Übermensch: Nietzsche concludes by presenting the concept of the Übermensch, or "overman," as the antidote to the decadence and nihilism of modernity. The Übermensch is a visionary individual who transcends conventional morality and embraces life-affirming values. He represents a radical departure from the herd mentality of the masses, embodying the creative power of the will to power.

Overall, "On the Genealogy of Morals" offers a provocative critique of traditional morality and explores the psychological and historical origins of moral concepts. It challenges readers to question the foundations of their moral beliefs and to embrace a more life-affirming and individualistic ethos.

Christian perspective

From a Christian perspective, Nietzsche's "On the Genealogy of Morals" presents several challenges and points of contention, but it also offers opportunities for reflection and engagement. Here's a Christian perspective on some key aspects of Nietzsche's work:

1. Critique of Traditional Morality: While Nietzsche's critique of traditional Judeo-Christian morality may resonate with some Christians who recognize historical abuses and distortions of religious teachings, his rejection of moral absolutes and his assertion that morality is merely a tool for exerting power can be deeply troubling. Christians believe in the existence of objective moral truths grounded in the nature and character of God, rather than viewing morality as a mere construct of power dynamics.

2. Master-Slave Morality: Nietzsche's characterization of morality in terms of a struggle between master and slave morality presents a stark contrast to the Christian ethic of love, humility, and service. While Nietzsche valorizes strength and power, Christianity exalts virtues such as compassion, mercy, and self-sacrificial love exemplified in the life of Jesus Christ. Christians are called to emulate Christ's example of servant leadership rather than seeking dominance over others.

3. The Will to Power: Nietzsche's concept of the "will to power" as the driving force behind human behavior stands in tension with the Christian understanding of human nature and motivation. While Christians acknowledge the reality of human sinfulness and self-interest, they also affirm the potential for transformation and redemption through the power of God's grace. Rather than seeking power for its own sake, Christians are called to submit their will to God and to seek His kingdom and righteousness above all else.

4. The Übermensch: Nietzsche's idea of the Übermensch as a visionary individual who transcends conventional morality and embraces life-affirming values can be interpreted in various ways from a Christian perspective. Some may see parallels with the concept of sanctification, whereby believers are transformed into the likeness of Christ and empowered by the Holy Spirit to live virtuous lives. However, Nietzsche's emphasis on individualism and self-assertion may conflict with the Christian emphasis on humility, obedience, and dependence on God.

5. Engagement and Dialogue: Despite the differences between Nietzsche's philosophy and Christian theology, engaging with Nietzsche's ideas can provide valuable opportunities for critical reflection and dialogue. Christians can glean insights from Nietzsche's critique of moral hypocrisy and his challenge to examine the underlying motivations behind religious beliefs and practices. At the same time, Christians can offer a distinctively Christian perspective on morality rooted in the teachings of Jesus Christ and the broader biblical narrative of redemption, reconciliation, and restoration.

In summary, while Nietzsche's "On the Genealogy of Morals" presents significant challenges to Christian beliefs and values, it also stimulates reflection and dialogue on important questions about the nature of morality, human nature, and the pursuit of meaning and purpose in life. Christians are called to engage thoughtfully with Nietzsche's ideas, discerning truth from error and bearing witness to the transformative power of the gospel in a pluralistic and often skeptical world.

Fear and Trembling

 "Fear and Trembling" is a philosophical work by Søren Kierkegaard, written under the pseudonym Johannes de Silentio. The book explores the story of Abraham and Isaac from the Book of Genesis, particularly focusing on Abraham's willingness to sacrifice his son Isaac as a test of faith. Here's a synopsis:

The book begins with a preface where Kierkegaard sets the stage for the reader, introducing the concept of faith and its relation to ethics. He contrasts the ethical sphere, governed by universal principles and moral obligations, with the religious sphere, which involves a personal relationship with God that transcends reason.

Rembrandt, Oil on canvas, 1635.

The main body of the work consists of four "problemata" or meditations, each examining different aspects of Abraham's faith and the ethical implications of his actions:

1. The Knight of Faith: Kierkegaard introduces the concept of the "knight of faith," a figure who embodies absolute faith and trust in God. Unlike the "knight of infinite resignation," who resigns himself to the tragic limitations of earthly life, the knight of faith is able to find meaning and purpose in the absurdity of existence through his relationship with God.

2. Abraham's Dilemma: Kierkegaard reflects on Abraham's obedience to God's command to sacrifice Isaac, highlighting the paradoxical nature of faith. While from an ethical standpoint, Abraham's actions seem reprehensible, from a religious perspective, they represent the highest expression of faith and trust in God's will.

3. The Teleological Suspension of the Ethical: Kierkegaard explores the concept of the "teleological suspension of the ethical," arguing that true faith involves a willingness to suspend ethical norms in obedience to a higher divine command. Abraham's willingness to sacrifice Isaac demonstrates this suspension of the ethical in favor of a higher religious duty.

4. The Problem of Faith: In the final meditation, Kierkegaard grapples with the paradoxical nature of faith, which requires a leap beyond the bounds of reason and understanding. He emphasizes the existential angst and uncertainty that accompanies genuine faith, contrasting it with the false security of religious conformity and dogma.

Throughout the work, Kierkegaard challenges readers to confront the paradoxes of faith and to embrace the uncertainty and anxiety that come with a genuine relationship with God. "Fear and Trembling" is a profound exploration of the complexities of faith and the radical demands it places on the individual believer.

Christian perspective

From a Christian perspective, Søren Kierkegaard's "Fear and Trembling" offers profound insights into faith, ethics, and the nature of religious experience. Here's a Christian perspective on some key themes in the book:

1. Abraham's Faith: At the heart of "Fear and Trembling" is Kierkegaard's exploration of Abraham's faith and obedience in the face of God's command to sacrifice his son Isaac. For Christians, Abraham's willingness to obey God even in the most difficult and seemingly contradictory circumstances serves as a model of faith and trust in God's sovereignty and goodness. Kierkegaard's portrayal of Abraham's "teleological suspension of the ethical" challenges readers to grapple with the tension between divine command and human morality, ultimately pointing to the mysterious depths of faith.

2. The Paradox of Faith: Kierkegaard introduces the concept of the "teleological suspension of the ethical" to highlight the paradoxical nature of faith. From a Christian perspective, faith often involves embracing paradoxes and mysteries that transcend human understanding. The story of Abraham illustrates this tension between the ethical obligation to preserve life and the higher imperative of obedience to God's will. Christians are called to trust in God's wisdom and goodness even when His commands seem incomprehensible or morally perplexing.

3. Religious Experience: Kierkegaard emphasizes the subjective, experiential dimension of faith, portraying faith as a deeply personal and existential journey. For Christians, faith is not merely a set of intellectual beliefs or doctrinal propositions but a lived reality that engages the whole person—mind, heart, and will. Kierkegaard's exploration of the "leap of faith" underscores the radical commitment and surrender required to embrace the truth claims of Christianity and enter into a transformative relationship with God.

4. Individual Responsibility: "Fear and Trembling" underscores the individual's responsibility to wrestle with the demands of faith and to make authentic choices in response to God's call. Kierkegaard rejects easy answers and encourages readers to grapple with the complexities and uncertainties of faith for themselves. From a Christian perspective, this emphasis on personal responsibility resonates with the biblical teaching that each person must "work out their own salvation with fear and trembling" (Philippians 2:12), seeking God's guidance and discernment in the midst of life's challenges and uncertainties.

5. The Absurdity of Faith: Kierkegaard's concept of the "absurd" captures the radical nature of Christian faith, which often runs counter to human reason and conventional wisdom. Christians affirm the paradoxical nature of faith—the seeming folly of the cross and the scandal of grace—recognizing that God's ways are not always comprehensible to human intellect. Yet, in embracing the apparent absurdity of faith, Christians discover profound truths about God's love, mercy, and redemption.

In summary, "Fear and Trembling" invites Christians to wrestle with the complexities of faith, to embrace the paradoxes of divine revelation, and to cultivate a deep and authentic relationship with God. While Kierkegaard's work may present challenges and provocations, it ultimately points readers toward a deeper understanding of the mysteries of faith and the transformative power of encountering the living God.